LittleEndian (Bio-Formats API)

java.lang.Object
- loci.poi.util.LittleEndian

All Implemented Interfaces:

LittleEndianConsts
```
public class LittleEndian
extends Object
implements LittleEndianConsts
```
a utility class for handling little-endian numbers, which the 80x86 world is replete with. The methods are all static, and input/output is from/to byte arrays, or from InputStreams.

Author:

Marc Johnson (mjohnson at apache dot org), Andrew Oliver (acoliver at apache dot org)

Nested Class Summary

Nested Classes
Modifier and Type Class and Description

static class LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException
Exception to handle buffer underruns

Nested Classes
Modifier and Type	Class and Description
`static class`	`LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException` Exception to handle buffer underruns

Field Summary
- Fields inherited from interface loci.poi.util.LittleEndianConsts
  BYTE_SIZE, DOUBLE_SIZE, INT_SIZE, LONG_SIZE, SHORT_SIZE

Method Summary

Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`static byte[]`	`getByteArray(byte[] data, int offset, int size)` Copy a portion of a byte array
`static double`	`getDouble(byte[] data)` get a double value from the beginning of a byte array
`static double`	`getDouble(byte[] data, int offset)` get a double value from a byte array, reads it in little endian format then converts the resulting revolting IEEE 754 (curse them) floating point number to a happy java double
`static int`	`getInt(byte[] data)` get an int value from the beginning of a byte array
`static int`	`getInt(byte[] data, int offset)` get an int value from a byte array
`static long`	`getLong(byte[] data)` get a long value from the beginning of a byte array
`static long`	`getLong(byte[] data, int offset)` get a long value from a byte array
`static short`	`getShort(byte[] data)` get a short value from the beginning of a byte array
`static short`	`getShort(byte[] data, int offset)` get a short value from a byte array
`static short[]`	`getShortArray(byte[] data, int offset)` get a short array from a byte array.
`static short[]`	`getSimpleShortArray(byte[] data, int offset, int size)` get a short array from a byte array.
`static long`	`getUInt(byte[] data)` get an unsigned int value from a byte array
`static long`	`getUInt(byte[] data, int offset)` get an unsigned int value from a byte array
`static long`	`getULong(byte[] data, int offset)` Gets an unsigned int value (8 bytes) from a byte array.
`static int`	`getUnsignedByte(byte[] data)` get the unsigned value of a byte.
`static int`	`getUnsignedByte(byte[] data, int offset)` get the unsigned value of a byte.
`static int`	`getUShort(byte[] data)` get an unsigned short value from the beginning of a byte array
`static int`	`getUShort(byte[] data, int offset)` get an unsigned short value from a byte array
`static void`	`putDouble(byte[] data, double value)` put a double value into beginning of a byte array
`static void`	`putDouble(byte[] data, int offset, double value)` put a double value into a byte array
`static void`	`putInt(byte[] data, int value)` put an int value into beginning of a byte array
`static void`	`putInt(byte[] data, int offset, int value)` put an int value into a byte array
`static void`	`putLong(byte[] data, int offset, long value)` put a long value into a byte array
`static void`	`putLong(byte[] data, long value)` put a long value into beginning of a byte array
`static void`	`putShort(byte[] data, int offset, short value)` put a short value into a byte array
`static void`	`putShort(byte[] data, short value)` put a short value into beginning of a byte array
`static void`	`putShortArray(byte[] data, int offset, short[] value)` put a array of shorts into a byte array
`static void`	`putUShort(byte[] data, int offset, int value)` put an unsigned short value into a byte array
`static byte[]`	`readFromStream(InputStream stream, int size)` Read the appropriate number of bytes from the stream and return them to the caller.
`static int`	`readInt(InputStream stream)` get an int value from an InputStream
`static long`	`readLong(InputStream stream)` get a long value from an InputStream
`static short`	`readShort(InputStream stream)` get a short value from an InputStream
`static int`	`ubyteToInt(byte b)` Convert an 'unsigned' byte to an integer.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Method Detail
  - getShort
```
public static short getShort(byte[] data,
             int offset)
```
    get a short value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the short (16-bit) value
  - getUShort
```
public static int getUShort(byte[] data,
            int offset)
```
    get an unsigned short value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned short (16-bit) value in an integer
  - getSimpleShortArray
```
public static short[] getSimpleShortArray(byte[] data,
                          int offset,
                          int size)
```
    get a short array from a byte array.
    
    Parameters:
    data - Description of the Parameter
    offset - Description of the Parameter
    size - Description of the Parameter
    
    Returns:
    The simpleShortArray value
  - getShortArray
```
public static short[] getShortArray(byte[] data,
                    int offset)
```
    get a short array from a byte array. The short array is assumed to start with a word describing the length of the array.
    
    Parameters:
    data - Description of the Parameter
    offset - Description of the Parameter
    
    Returns:
    The shortArray value
  - getShort
```
public static short getShort(byte[] data)
```
    get a short value from the beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the short (16-bit) value
  - getUShort
```
public static int getUShort(byte[] data)
```
    get an unsigned short value from the beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned short (16-bit) value in an int
  - getInt
```
public static int getInt(byte[] data,
         int offset)
```
    get an int value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the int (32-bit) value
  - getInt
```
public static int getInt(byte[] data)
```
    get an int value from the beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the int (32-bit) value
  - getUInt
```
public static long getUInt(byte[] data,
           int offset)
```
    get an unsigned int value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned int (32-bit) value in a long
  - getUInt
```
public static long getUInt(byte[] data)
```
    get an unsigned int value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned int (32-bit) value in a long
  - getLong
```
public static long getLong(byte[] data,
           int offset)
```
    get a long value from a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the long (64-bit) value
  - getLong
```
public static long getLong(byte[] data)
```
    get a long value from the beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the long (64-bit) value
  - getDouble
```
public static double getDouble(byte[] data,
               int offset)
```
    get a double value from a byte array, reads it in little endian format then converts the resulting revolting IEEE 754 (curse them) floating point number to a happy java double
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the double (64-bit) value
  - getDouble
```
public static double getDouble(byte[] data)
```
    get a double value from the beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the double (64-bit) value
  - putShort
```
public static void putShort(byte[] data,
            int offset,
            short value)
```
    put a short value into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the short (16-bit) value
  - putShortArray
```
public static void putShortArray(byte[] data,
                 int offset,
                 short[] value)
```
    put a array of shorts into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the short array
  - putUShort
```
public static void putUShort(byte[] data,
             int offset,
             int value)
```
    put an unsigned short value into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the short (16-bit) value
    
    Throws:
    
    ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - may be thrown
  - putShort
```
public static void putShort(byte[] data,
            short value)
```
    put a short value into beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    value - the short (16-bit) value
  - putInt
```
public static void putInt(byte[] data,
          int offset,
          int value)
```
    put an int value into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the int (32-bit) value
  - putInt
```
public static void putInt(byte[] data,
          int value)
```
    put an int value into beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    value - the int (32-bit) value
  - putLong
```
public static void putLong(byte[] data,
           int offset,
           long value)
```
    put a long value into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the long (64-bit) value
  - putLong
```
public static void putLong(byte[] data,
           long value)
```
    put a long value into beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    value - the long (64-bit) value
  - putDouble
```
public static void putDouble(byte[] data,
             int offset,
             double value)
```
    put a double value into a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    value - the double (64-bit) value
  - putDouble
```
public static void putDouble(byte[] data,
             double value)
```
    put a double value into beginning of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    value - the double (64-bit) value
  - readShort
```
public static short readShort(InputStream stream)
                       throws IOException,
                              LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException
```
    get a short value from an InputStream
    
    Parameters:
    stream - the InputStream from which the short is to be read
    
    Returns:
    the short (16-bit) value
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - will be propagated back to the caller
    
    LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException - if the stream cannot provide enough bytes
  - readInt
```
public static int readInt(InputStream stream)
                   throws IOException,
                          LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException
```
    get an int value from an InputStream
    
    Parameters:
    stream - the InputStream from which the int is to be read
    
    Returns:
    the int (32-bit) value
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - will be propagated back to the caller
    
    LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException - if the stream cannot provide enough bytes
  - readLong
```
public static long readLong(InputStream stream)
                     throws IOException,
                            LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException
```
    get a long value from an InputStream
    
    Parameters:
    stream - the InputStream from which the long is to be read
    
    Returns:
    the long (64-bit) value
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - will be propagated back to the caller
    
    LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException - if the stream cannot provide enough bytes
  - readFromStream
```
public static byte[] readFromStream(InputStream stream,
                    int size)
                             throws IOException,
                                    LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException
```
    Read the appropriate number of bytes from the stream and return them to the caller.
    However, for the purposes of the POI project, this risk is deemed negligible. It is, however, so noted.
    
    Parameters:
    stream - the InputStream we're reading from
    size - the number of bytes to read; in 99.99% of cases, this will be SHORT_SIZE, INT_SIZE, or LONG_SIZE -- but it doesn't have to be.
    
    Returns:
    the byte array containing the required number of bytes. The array will contain all zero's on end of stream
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - will be propagated back to the caller
    
    LittleEndian.BufferUnderrunException - if the stream cannot provide enough bytes
  - ubyteToInt
```
public static int ubyteToInt(byte b)
```
    Convert an 'unsigned' byte to an integer. ie, don't carry across the sign.
    
    Parameters:
    b - Description of the Parameter
    
    Returns:
    Description of the Return Value
  - getUnsignedByte
```
public static int getUnsignedByte(byte[] data,
                  int offset)
```
    get the unsigned value of a byte.
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array.
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array.
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned value of the byte as a 32 bit integer
  - getUnsignedByte
```
public static int getUnsignedByte(byte[] data)
```
    get the unsigned value of a byte.
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned value of the byte as a 32 bit integer
  - getByteArray
```
public static byte[] getByteArray(byte[] data,
                  int offset,
                  int size)
```
    Copy a portion of a byte array
    
    Parameters:
    data - the original byte array
    offset - Where to start copying from.
    size - Number of bytes to copy.
    
    Returns:
    The byteArray value
    
    Throws:
    
    IndexOutOfBoundsException - - if copying would cause access of data outside array bounds.
  - getULong
```
public static long getULong(byte[] data,
            int offset)
```
    Gets an unsigned int value (8 bytes) from a byte array.
    
    Parameters:
    data - the byte array
    offset - a starting offset into the byte array
    
    Returns:
    the unsigned int (32-bit) value in a long

Class LittleEndian

Nested Class Summary

Field Summary

Fields inherited from interface loci.poi.util.LittleEndianConsts

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Method Detail

getShort

getUShort

getSimpleShortArray

getShortArray

getShort

getUShort

getInt

getInt

getUInt

getUInt

getLong

getLong

getDouble

getDouble

putShort

putShortArray

putUShort

putShort

putInt

putInt

putLong

putLong

putDouble

putDouble

readShort

readInt

readLong

readFromStream

ubyteToInt

getUnsignedByte

getUnsignedByte

getByteArray

getULong